Mental health crises can happen suddenly, and they’re often misunderstood.
Whether it’s a loved one experiencing a panic attack, showing signs of suicidal thoughts, or acting in a way that seems completely out of character, these moments can feel overwhelming and scary.
The truth is, many people don’t know what to do if someone is having a mental health crisis, and that’s okay. You don’t need to have a background in psychology or crisis response to make a difference. You just need to know a few key steps to keep everyone safe and supported.
This guide is here to help you recognize the signs of a mental health crisis, respond with care, and connect someone to the help they need. When you stay calm and informed, you can be a vital lifeline in a moment that matters most.
What Is a Mental Health Crisis?
A mental health crisis is a situation where a person’s behavior puts them at risk of harming themselves or others, or when they are unable to function safely or care for themselves. Sometimes you’ll hear it referred to as a nervous breakdown.
These moments often involve intense emotional distress, confusion, or a loss of connection to reality.
Crises aren’t always loud, chaotic, or violent. In fact, many mental health emergencies can look quiet from the outside, such as when someone shuts down completely, becomes severely withdrawn, or expresses hopelessness.
Common causes of a mental health crisis include:
- Untreated or worsening mental health conditions (like depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder, or schizophrenia)
- A traumatic experience or recent loss
- Substance use or withdrawal
- Sudden life events such as divorce, job loss, or a major medical diagnosis
Mental health symptoms can vary widely, but may include:
- Panic attacks or overwhelming anxiety
- Paranoia, delusions, or hallucinations
- Thoughts or talk of suicide or self-harm
- Aggressive or unpredictable behavior
- Refusing to eat, sleep, or take medications
- Complete emotional withdrawal or dissociation
Recognizing that someone is in crisis or experiencing a mental breakdown is the first step toward helping them get the support they need and potentially preventing a situation from becoming life-threatening.
Common Signs of a Mental Health Crisis
Mental health crises don’t always look the same. Some may come on suddenly, while others build slowly over time.
Being able to recognize the signs, both emotional and physical, can help you know when it’s time to step in and offer support.
Emotional and Behavioral Warning Signs:
- Extreme mood swings – from high energy or agitation to deep sadness or apathy
- Sudden withdrawal or isolation – avoiding friends, family, or everyday activities
- Delusions or hallucinations – seeing, hearing, or believing things that aren’t real
- Self-harm or talk of suicide – any mention of wanting to die or harm oneself should always be taken seriously
- Panic attacks or uncontrollable fear – intense anxiety, shortness of breath, or an overwhelming sense of dread
Physical Signs May Include:
- Disorientation or confusion – trouble speaking clearly, remembering things, or understanding simple concepts
- Lack of self-care – Neglecting basic needs, such as not eating, bathing, or taking medications
- Erratic or impulsive behavior – sudden aggression, risk-taking, or lashing out for no clear reason
A mental crisis is a serious situation that requires care, attention, and often, professional help from a mental healthcare provider.
Even if you’re unsure whether it’s a full-blown crisis, it’s always better to reach out than to do nothing.
What to Do If Someone Is Having a Mental Health Crisis
At the moment, it can be hard to know what to do if someone is having a mental health crisis. Emotions may be high, the situation may feel unpredictable, and you might feel unsure of how to help, but your calm presence and thoughtful response can make a big difference.
Here’s a step-by-step guide to support someone in crisis safely and compassionately:
1. Stay Calm and Don’t Escalate the Situation If a Crisis Occurs
Your energy sets the tone. Keep your voice steady, body language relaxed, and avoid arguing or raising your voice, even if the person is agitated or emotional.
2. Speak Clearly and With Empathy
Use simple, supportive language. Say things like, “I’m here for you,” or “You’re not alone.” Avoid judgment or criticism, and let them know you’re listening.
3. Remove Immediate Dangers (If Safe to Do So)
If there are any sharp objects, medications, or potential hazards nearby, discreetly remove them—only if it’s safe for you to do so. Never put yourself at risk.
4. Don’t Try to Handle It Alone
Even with the best intentions, you’re not expected to fix everything. Reach out to a qualified mental health professional, crisis line, or support network. It’s okay to ask for help.
5. Call 911 or a Crisis Line If There’s Any Risk of Harm
If someone is talking about suicide, self-harm, or appears to be a danger to themselves or others, call 911 or a 24/7 crisis line immediately. Stay with them until help arrives, if you can do so safely. You may need to take them to an emergency room, depending on the situation.
6. If They’re Willing, Guide Them To Seek Professional Help
If the person is open to help, offer to assist them in making an appointment with a therapist, going to a treatment center, or calling a mental health hotline. Offer to provide support, not ultimatums.
Safety always comes first, both for the person in crisis and for yourself. Your role is to provide comfort, help them stay grounded, and connect them to the support they need. If you’re unsure, trust your gut and reach out to a professional.
What Not to Do During a Mental Health Crisis
Knowing what not to do during a mental health crisis is just as important as knowing what to do. Even with the best intentions, certain actions can make the situation worse or cause someone to shut down.
Here are a few critical things to avoid:
Don’t Minimize or Dismiss Their Feelings
Saying things like “you’re overreacting” or “just calm down” can invalidate their experience and make them feel even more isolated.
Instead, acknowledge their pain and offer to be a support system.
Don’t Argue or Challenge Their Reality
If someone is experiencing delusions, paranoia, or hallucinations, avoid debating or trying to correct them.
Focus on offering safety and support, not challenging their perception.
Don’t Leave Them Alone If They’re at Risk of Self-Harm
If someone has expressed suicidal thoughts or has a history of self-injury, don’t leave them alone, even briefly, until professional help is available.
Avoid Using Force Unless Absolutely Necessary
Physical intervention should always be a last resort and only used if you’re trained and it’s necessary to prevent immediate harm. If the situation is dangerous, call for professional help right away.
Being present, calm, and nonjudgmental can help someone feel seen, heard, and safe, which are often the most important things you can offer during a mental health crisis.
How New Jersey Behavioral Health Can Help
At New Jersey Behavioral Health, we understand how overwhelming a mental health crisis can be for the person experiencing it and for their loved ones. That’s why we provide both immediate support and long-term care to guide individuals through the crisis and into recovery.
Here’s how we can help:
- Crisis Support Services
- Rapid mental health assessments
- Crisis intervention and stabilization
- Personalized safety planning and coordination with emergency services if needed
- Ongoing Treatment Options
- Individual therapy, including trauma-informed care
- Medication management when appropriate
- Structured outpatient programs to continue care after the crisis has passed
- Family Support and Education
- Guidance for loved ones on how to respond during a crisis
- Resources for ongoing support and communication
- Family therapy to strengthen relationships and improve recovery outcomes
Whether you’re worried about someone else or struggling yourself, you don’t have to figure it out alone. We’re here to help you take the next step with compassion, clarity, and professional care.
Contact New Jersey Behavioral Health for expert guidance, referrals, and immediate support.